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Waterguard Work at Customs Airports

 
 

Page contents:

     
   
         

 

         
 

 

Louis Blériot was the first man to fly an aircraft into the UK from abroad. He flew over the English Channel on July 25, 1909 to arrive on the cliffs above Dover in an aircraft of his own design - the Blériot XI - to achieve the world's first flight over a large body of water in a heavier-than-air craft.

Although the Collector had given strict instructions to his staff that any attempt to impose Customs regulations on anyone engaged in 'aerial navigation' would tend only to bring the Department into disrepute, there was a story in the Waterguard that George Camburn, the Preventive Man on hand, interviewed Monsieur Bleriot and as it was the first ever aircraft to arrive from abroad, and therefore not covered by any Official Instructions of the time, the ever adaptable officer decided to issue pratique, treating the aircraft as a private yacht, and the pilot as master and owner. By so doing George Camburn had set the precedent for treating all aircraft as vessels.

That day the Collector Dover wrote to the Commissioners of Customs & Excise ' I have to report that Monsieur Bleriot with his monoplane, successfully crossed the channel from Calais this morning and landed in a meadow on the east side of Dover Castle, about two miles from our watch house shortly after 5am, having occupied 33 minutes in the crossing . . . . . I visited the spot where he landed at 6.30am, and got into conversation with an individual largely interested in the Wright aeroplane, who gave his opinion that although airships (sic) will never come into commercial use, there are great possibilities for them, and I think that a time may come when this Department will have to treat their arrivals seriously, and take steps to ensure that no opportunity be given for Revenue interests to suffer through indiscriminate landings of airships in this country'.

 

Select the 'button' on the right to view copies of the initial C&E paperwork! Note the displeasure that instructions had been ignored.

 
         

 

 
 

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    AS AT       NAME       LOCATION      

USERS

      WATERGUARD COVER    
                           

 

           
           

 

             

 

           
                           

 

           
    1938 & 1950       Belfast (Nutts Corner, Newtonards) Airport      

County Down, Northern Ireland

     

Passengers, Baggage & Freight

      Belfast Docks    
    1950       Birmingham (Elmdon) Airport       Elmdon, Birmingham      

Passengers, Baggage & Freight

      Elmdon Airport    
    1950       Blackbushe Airport       Camberley, Surrey      

Passengers, Baggage & Freightl

      Blackbushe Airport    
    1938       Blackpool (Stanley Park) Airport       Blackpool, Lancashire       Passengers & Baggage Only            
    1950       Bovingdon Airport       Bovingdon, Herts.      

Passengers, Baggage & Freight

      Bovingdon Airport    
    1938       Brighton, Hove & Wothing Airport       Sussex      

Passengers, Baggage & Freight

           
    1938 & 1950       Bristol (Whitchurch) Airport      

Whitchurch, Bristol

     

Passengers, Baggage & Freight

      Custom House, Bristol    
    1938 & 1950       Cardiff (Pengham Moors, Splott) Airport       Glamorgan, South Wales      

Passengers & Baggage Only (1938)

Passengers, Baggage & Freight (1950)

      Roath Basin, Cardiff    
    1938       Carlisle Airport       Carlisle, Cumberland      

Passengers, Baggage & Freight

           
    1938       Doncaster Airport       Doncaster, Yorkshire      

Passengers, Baggage & Freight

           
    1950       Dunsfold Airport       Cranleigh, Surrey      

Freight Only

           
    1950       Edinburgh (Turnhouse) Airport       Edinburgh, Scotland      

Passengers, Baggage & Freight

      Victoria Dock, Leith    
    1938 & 1950       Exeter Airport       Clyst Honiton, Devon       

Passengers, Baggage & Freight

      Custom House, Exemouth    
    1938 & 1950       Gatwick Airport       Horley, Surrey      

Passengers, Baggage & Freight

      Gatwick Airport    
    1938       Gravesend (Chalk) Airport       Gravesend, Kent      

Passengers, Baggage & Freight

      Gravesend    
    1938       Hull (Hedon) Airport       Hull, Yorkshire      

Passengers, Baggage & Freight

      Hull    
    1950       Hurn Airport       Christchurch, Hampshire      

Passengers, Baggage & Freight

      Pool, Dorset    
    1938       Leicester (Braunstone) Airport       Braunstone, Leicestershire      

Passengers, Baggage & Freight

           
    1950       Liverpool (Speke) Airport       Liverpool, Lancashire      

Passengers, Baggage & Freight

      Liverpool Docks    
    1938       London (Croydon) Airport       Croydon, Surrey      

Passengers, Baggage & Freight

      Croydon Airport    
    1938 & 1950      

London (Heathrow) Airport

      Heathrow, Middlesex      

Passengers, Baggage & Freight

      Heathrow Airport    
    1950      

London (Heston) Airport

      Heston, Middlesex      

Passengers, Baggage & Freight

      Heston Airport    
    1938 & 1950       Lympne Airport       Hythe, Kent      

Passengers, Baggage & Freight

      Lympne Airport    
    1938 & 1950       Manchester (Barton) Airport       Manchester. Lancashire      

Passengers, Baggage & Freight

      Manchester    
    1950       Manston Airport       RAF Manston, Kent      

Joint-Use

Passengers, Baggage & Freight

      RAF Manston    
    1938 & 1950       Newcastle-upon-Tyne (Woolsingham) Airport       Woolsingham, Newcastle      

Passengers, Baggage & Freight (1938)

Passengers & Baggage Only (1950)

      Newcastle Docks    
    1950       Northolt Airport       Ruislip, Middlesex      

Joint-Use

Passengers, Baggage & Freight

      Northolt Airport    
    1950       Prestwick Airport       Prestwick, Ayrshire      

Passengers, Baggage & Freight

      Prestwick Airport    
    1938 & 1950       Plymouth (Roborough) Airport       Roborough, Devon      

Passengers, Baggage & Freight

      Plymouth    
    1938       Portsmouth Airport       Portsmouth, Hampshire      

Passengers, Baggage & Freight

      Portsmouth    
    1938       Ramsgate Airport       Ramsgate, Kent      

Passengers, Baggage & Freight

      Dover    
    1938 & 1950       Renfrew Airport       Glasgow, Scotland      

Passengers, Baggage & Freight

      Glasgow    
    1938 & 1950       Ronaldsway (Isle of Man) Airport       Isle of Man      

Passengers, Baggage & Freight

      Castletown, Isle of Man    
    1938 & 1950       Southampton - Atlantic Park - (Eastleigh) Airport       Swaything, Hampshire      

Passengers, Baggage & Freight

      Southampton Docks    
    1950       Southend (Rochford) Airport       Rochford, Essex      

Passengers, Baggage & Freight

      Southend    
    1950       Valley              

Joint-Use

Passengers & Baggage Only

      Salt Island, Holyhead    
                           

 

           
 
 

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    AS AT       NAME       LOCATION      

USERS

      WATERGUARD COVER    
                           

 

           
                                         
                                         
    1938      

Harwich Water Airport

      Harwich, Essex      

Passengers, Baggage & Freight

      Harwich    
    1938       Liverpool (River Mersey)       Liverpool, Lancashire      

Passengers & Baggage Only

      Liverpool    
    1938 & 1950       Southampton Water Airport       Southampton, Hampshire      

Passengers, Baggage & Freight

      Southampton    
                                         

 

                           

 

           
    AS AT       NAME       LOCATION      

USERS

      WATERGUARD COVER    
                                         
                                         
    1938       Cardington      

Bedford, Bedfordshire

     

Passengers, Baggage & Freight

           
                                         

 

                           

 

           
    AS AT       NAME       LOCATION      

USERS

      WATERGUARD COVER    
                                         
                                         
    1950       RAF Aldergrove      

Belfast Northern Ireland

     

RAF

      Belfast Docks    
    1950       RAF Hendon      

Ruislip, Middlesex

     

Joint RAF & Civilian Use

      Northolt Airport    
    1950       RAF Lakenheath       Lakenheath, Suffolk      

USAF

      RAF Honington    
    1950       RAF Lyneham       Chippenham, Wiltshire      

RAF

      RAF Lyneham    
    1950       RAF Manston       Manston, Kent      

Joint RAF & Civilian Use

Passengers Only

      RAF Manston    
    1950       RAF Northolt      

Ruislip, Middlesex

     

Joint RAF & Civilian Use

      Northolt Airport    
    1950       RAF Oakington       Camebridgeshire      

RAF

      RAF Oakington    
    1950       RAF St. Eval       Cornwall      

RAF

      Custom House, Falmouth    
    1950       RAF Tangmere       Chichester, Sussex      

RAF

      RAF Tangemere    
    1950       RAF Valley       Anglesea, North Wales      

RAF

      Salt Island, Holyhead    
    1950       RAF Waddington       Lincolnshire      

RAF

      Royal Dock, Grimsby    
                                         
                           

 

           
    AS AT       NAME       LOCATION      

USERS

      WATERGUARD COVER    
                                         
                                         
                                         
    1950       Pembroke Dock       Pembroke Dock, South Wales      

Joint RAF & Civilian Use

      Neyland or Milford Haven    
                                         
 
 

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Pilots of aircraft arriving from abroad were required to bring the aircraft to the Examination Station - a place approved by the Commissioners of Customs and Excise for the boarding and inspection by Customs Officers, and the disembarkation of passengers and the importation of any freight.

After the Boarding Officer had received a satisfactory Declaration of Health and was satisfied there were no Health problems on board the aircraft, the passengers were allowed to disembark and proceed to the baggage hall, the officer dealt with the surplus stores on board the aircraft and the crew's declared personal effects.

At a busy airport such as Heathrow, the Boarding Staff normally worked a 'three legged watch' system giving 24 hour cover for 365 days a year.

If any irregularities were discovered during Boarding the Smuggling Regulations were applied.

 
         

         

      SURPLUS STORES

        Duty free stores for use on an aircraft were normally packed and carried in bar boxes. Before landing at a UK airport the contents of the bar boxes were counted and a declaration form was presented to the Boarding Officer. The contents of the boxes were checked and the boxes sealed.

        Surplus Stores remaining on board the aircraft for the outward flight were itmised on a declaration form C911. Select the 'button' on the right to see a copy of a C911.

 

         

   

        Surplus Stores being landed were either cleared to payment of duty or transferred to a Bonded Store Floor or Warehouse on presentation of a form XS144.  

 

         

   

        Select the 'button' on the right to view a copy of a customised Britannia Airways XS 144 presented at Luton Airport in 1971.

 

         

      CREW DECLARATIONS OF EFFECTS

        The crews of commercial aircraft personal stores and effects, either for landing or remaining on board for re-export, were declared against the aircrew's signature. If the declared goods were to be landed they were cleared to a personal allowance or payment of any duty.

        Select the 'button' on the right for details of the crew's Duty Free Concessions - Allowances - reproduced from the 1965 'Green Book'.

 
     

        Duty free stores for aircraft departing abroad were granted and presented, normally in sealed bar boxes together with form XS143, and loaded on the aircraft. The Preventive staff checked the boxes were sealed and if not, checked the contents against the list on the XS 143, sealed the bar box and gave a certificate of shipment on the XS 143. Select the 'button' on the right to view a PDF copy of an XS 143 presented at Birmingham Airport.

 
     
 
 

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Duty free stores for sale to passengers, or for the passengers use in flight, are stored on board the aircraft in small transportable containers known as 'bar boxes'. On arrival in the UK the surplus stores from the flight were listed and declared to the Boarding Officer and either landed to a Bonded Stores Floor - Warehoused - or remained on board for use on the outward flight.

Either way the bar boxes were sealed by the boarding officer to protect the potential revenue. A length of string threaded through a lead plomb secured the box. The seal was applied to the plomb and string with special pliers which impressed a 'customs seal' in the lead.

 

 

 

APOs applying a Customs Seal to a Bar Box during training at Northolt in 1947

 
         

 

      DUTY FREE SHOPS

        In the 1963 the first 'special' bonded warehouse, with an associated Duty Free Shop, was set up at London Heathrow Airport to provide passengers with the facility to buy both foreign and British manufactured cameras and photographic goods, optical instruments, clocks and watches, perfumes, mechanical lighters, fountain pens and pencils, free of duty and/or purchase tax for immediate exportation.

        This facility was quickly expanded to include wines and spirits, but whilst the goods they sold were free of duty, they were not free of profit and in 1968 it was possible to buy a bottle of duty paid sherry in an 'off licence' cheaper than at the duty free shop in Heathrow's Terminal 2!

        Initially the goods had to be ordered and paid for by the passenger in the duty free shop and then the goods were delivered, packaged and sealed, to the appropriate aircraft. Preventive staff attended the aircraft to certify shipment. By the late 1960's the passenger had possession of the goods at the time of payment and the point of shipment had moved to the Waterguard outward control point in the departure lounges.

        In time, this 'system' of  'special' bonded warehouses, with or without an associated Duty Free Shop, was extended to other Customs approved airports.

         

      RUMMAGE OF AIRCRAFT

        The rummage of aircraft called for a more delicate approach than that for vessels. An aircraft's 'machinery' and equipment is more delicate and is compactly packaged in a more confined space. As such it's more difficult to gain access and any deep access carries a greater risk of damage to vital parts - and the associated risk to passengers' lives. Deep and comprehensive rummage of aircraft was normally confined to periods when the aircraft was taken out of service for maintenance. Qualified aircraft engineers would also be on hand at these times. 

        Most commercial aircraft have a turn round time of less than an hour during which they are cleaned and re-stocked with food and drinks. Rummage during this period would be restricted to cupboards, food and drink stowage areas, toilets, luggage racks and seat pockets. Rummage Crews at airports were also generally responsible for the Examination of Crews' Baggage and the occasional search of airside vehicles carrying passengers' baggage, aircraft stores and engineering equipment.

 

 

 
 

 

:::: home ::::

:::: history ::::

:::: offices & buildings ::::

:::: managemnt structures ::::

:::: pay & conditions ::::

:::: recruitment ::::

:::: training ::::

:::: staffing & promotion ::::

:::: the people ::::


::: the work :::

::: uniforms :::

::: tools & equipment :::

 

::: stationery & stores :::

::: legislation & regulations :::

::: official instructions :::

::: photographs :::

::: anecdotes :::


:: search the site ::

:: how to contribute ::

:: site credits ::

 

:: help & FAQ's ::

:: recent additions ::

:: the customs journal ::

:: the bond ::

:: the history network ::

:: links ::

 

::: return to the top :::


 

 

 

The site is best viewed with a 32 bit colour display and using the Mozzila Firefox web browser.

This site was designed, and is maintained by Trevor Tomasin (ex APO - LAP) and dedicated to fond memories of my ' Waterguard' days.